Free tool

Chi-square calculator

Enter your counts: chi-square, df, p, Cram\u00e9r's V, a check of the expected counts, and the sentence for your Results.

Chi-square test from your counts

You get the APA 7 sentence to paste, with the effect size and its confidence interval where one applies.

Counts (rows are one variable, columns the other)

The full reporting rules, with a worked example, are in the guide on how to report a chi-square test in APA. Have the SPSS output instead? Paste it into the SPSS to APA converter.

Questions

When is chi-square not valid?

When expected counts are small. In a 2 x 2 table any expected count below 5 calls for Fisher's exact test; in larger tables more than 20% below 5 is a problem. The calculator checks this for you.

Should I use Yates' continuity correction?

APA does not require it, and it is conservative. The calculator reports Pearson's chi-square without it, as most journals expect.

What is Cramér's V?

The effect size for chi-square: 0 means no association and 1 a perfect one. Around .10 is small, .30 medium and .50 large for a 2 x 2 table.

How do I report it in APA 7?

Give chi-square with its df and N, the p-value and Cramér's V, for example χ²(1, N = 100) = 9.09, p = .003, V = .30.