Free tool

p-value calculator

Enter the statistic and its degrees of freedom: get the exact p-value, written the way APA 7 asks.

p-value from a test statistic

You get the APA 7 sentence to paste, with the effect size and its confidence interval where one applies.

The full reporting rules, with a worked example, are in the guide on how to report p-values in APA. Have the SPSS output instead? Paste it into the SPSS to APA converter.

Questions

Why check a p-value at all?

Mismatched p-values are among the most common reporting errors in published papers. Recomputing p from the statistic and its df shows whether the two agree.

One-tailed or two-tailed?

Two-tailed unless you stated a direction before seeing the data. F and chi-square tests are one-tailed by construction, so the option does not apply to them.

How should p be written in APA 7?

Exactly, to two or three decimals, with no leading zero (p = .025). Below .001 write p < .001, never p = .000.

What does the p-value tell me?

How surprising the result would be if there were no effect. It does not tell you how large the effect is; report an effect size with its confidence interval as well.